Meanwhile…

Fall of the Ming dynasty and the Qing conquest

1644

Thirty Years' War Devastates Central Europe

1618-1648

Capture of Galle from the Portuguese

1640

The Protestant Reformation

1517-10-31

Jesuit Missions Spread Catholicism to Asia and the Americas

mid-1500s to 1700s

Sikhism Founded by Guru Nanak's Successors Institutionalized

1604-1699

Age of Sail Global Shipping Networks

around 1650

Diverse reef fauna colonizes coral ecosystems

from around 485 million years ago to the present

The Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution

ca. 1450 – 1700

Invention of the Mechanical Calculator

1642

Capoeira develops among enslaved Africans in Brazil

around the 16th to 19th century

The survival of the birds

vanaf ca. 66 miljoen jaar geleden

house arrest and late works

1634-1642

Death of Galileo Galilei

1642-01-08