Pisa originates as a port city at the mouth of the Arno, first inhabited by the Etruscans and later important under Roman rule.
Pisa grows into one of the most powerful maritime republics of Italy, with a strong fleet and extensive trade networks in the Mediterranean.
Construction of the impressive Piazza dei Miracoli begins with the cathedral, financed by the wealth of the maritime republic.
Construction of the campanile, which would later become world-famous as the Leaning Tower, begins on the Piazza dei Miracoli.
Pisa suffers a crushing defeat against the fleet of Genoa, marking the beginning of the decline of Pisan maritime power.
After nearly two centuries of construction, with long interruptions, the leaning tower is finally completed.
After years of conflict and weakening, Pisa is annexed by the Republic of Florence, marking the end of its independence.
The famous scientist Galileo Galilei is born in Pisa, where he would later also study and experiment.
The impressive square with the Cathedral, the leaning tower, the baptistery and the cemetery is recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Pisa develops into one of Italy's most popular tourist destinations, with the leaning tower as a world-famous symbol.
The recognition confirmed the unique architectural and artistic value of the complex, which for centuries formed the religious and cultural heart of Pisa. Since then, the square has attracted millions of tourists every year, who come mainly for the iconic leaning tower.