Duke Henry I of Brabant founds a fortified settlement on a sandy ridge between the rivers Dommel and Aa.
Duke Henry I grants 's-Hertogenbosch official city rights, giving the city self-governance and trading privileges.
Construction begins on what would later become St. John's Cathedral, one of the most important Gothic churches in the Netherlands.
The painter Hieronymus Bosch lives and works in 's-Hertogenbosch, creating his famous imaginative paintings.
The marshy grounds south of the city are deliberately used and maintained as a natural line of defence against besiegers.
Stadtholder Frederick Henry conquers 's-Hertogenbosch from the Spanish after a lengthy siege, bringing the city into the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
After the conquest by Frederick Henry, the Catholic faith is publicly banned and the Sint-Jan's Cathedral is handed over to the Protestants.
In the turbulent year of 1672, 's-Hertogenbosch is besieged by troops of the Bishop of Münster, an ally of Louis XIV, but the fortified city holds out.
During the French Revolutionary Wars, the city is captured by troops of the French Republic, marking the end of the old Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
During an inspection tour through his northern provinces, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte visits the fortress town of 's-Hertogenbosch.
The railway line between 's-Hertogenbosch and other cities is opened, connecting the city to modern rail traffic and sparking urban renewal.
The centuries-old city walls and fortifications of 's-Hertogenbosch are largely demolished to make way for urban expansion.
The Catholic population of 's-Hertogenbosch rediscovers and celebrates the carnival festival, whereby the city gains the nickname Oeteldonk.
In the late 19th and early 20th century, 's-Hertogenbosch grows into an important railway hub and industrial city.
Allied troops, including the British and American armies, liberate 's-Hertogenbosch from German occupation during the Second World War.
After the liberation, the city begins repairing war damage and rebuilding destroyed buildings.
North of the old fortress town, construction begins on the large-scale new residential district Maaspoort.
A large-scale restoration project brings St John's Cathedral back to its former glory after decades of decay and war damage.
The historic marshland of Bossche Broek is granted the status of protected nature reserve within the municipal boundaries of 's-Hertogenbosch.
Scaffolding envelops the Gothic cathedral for years while sculptors and restorers repair damaged stonework, stained-glass windows and the distinctive flying buttresses with trumpeting angels. The project attracts national attention and marks the city's regained self-confidence as a centre of cultural history.